Resumo:

ABSTRACT

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has gained prominence in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), especially with the advancement of uniportal (UE) and biportal (UBE) endoscopic techniques. Both seek to reduce surgical trauma without compromising decompression efficacy, although they have distinct characteristics that influence their choice. This study compared UE and UBE through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, and BVS were analyzed. Data were organized in Excel and processed in R software (v4.2) with the meta package. Continuous variables were expressed as mean differences (MD) and categorical variables as odds ratios (OR). Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran’s Q and chi-square tests (p < 0.05). Random or fixed-effects models were applied depending on heterogeneity. Of the 164 studies initially identified, 15 were selected for full reading and 8 were included in the final analysis. There was no statistically significant difference between the techniques in the outcomes evaluated, except for the ODI score at the last follow-up, where UBE showed slightly lower values. However, this difference (MD = 0.54) was not clinically relevant. Both endoscopic techniques are effective and safe for lumbar decompression in cases of stenosis, with no statistical superiority between them.

Resumen: